The Bluetooth protocol stack is a set of layered protocols that define how Bluetooth devices communicate with each other. The stack consists of several layers, each responsible for a different aspect of the communication process.
At the bottom of the stack is the physical layer, which defines the radio frequency and modulation scheme used to transmit data over the air. Above this is the link layer, which manages connections between devices and handles error correction and flow control.
The next layer up is the Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP), which provides multiplexing and segmentation of data packets. This allows multiple applications to share a single Bluetooth connection.
Above L2CAP is the Service Discovery Protocol (SDP), which allows devices to discover what services are available on other devices. This is used to find out what types of data can be exchanged between devices.
The next layer up is the Radio Frequency Communication (RFCOMM) protocol, which emulates a serial port over a Bluetooth connection. This allows applications that use serial communication to work over Bluetooth without modification.
At the top of the stack are various application-level protocols such as Object Exchange (OBEX) and Human Interface Device (HID). These define how specific types of data are exchanged between devices.
In summary, the Bluetooth protocol stack provides a layered architecture for managing wireless communication between devices. Each layer has its own responsibilities and works together with other layers to provide reliable and efficient communication.
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