MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight messaging protocol that is used to transfer messages between devices in machine-to-machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Here’s how it works:
1. MQTT uses a publish/subscribe model, where different devices can subscribe to topics they are interested in and receive messages published on those topics.
2. The broker is the central hub of MQTT communication. It receives all incoming messages and routes them to the appropriate subscribers based on the topic they are subscribed to.
3. When a device wants to publish a message, it sends the message to the broker with a topic identifier. The broker then forwards the message to all subscribers who have previously subscribed to that topic.
4. Messages can be sent with varying levels of quality of service (QoS). A QoS level of 0 means that the message may not arrive at the subscriber, while a QoS level of 2 ensures that the message is delivered exactly once.
5. MQTT is designed to be very efficient and lightweight, and uses minimal network bandwidth and battery power. This makes it ideal for use in IoT applications where devices may have limited resources.
Overall, MQTT provides a simple and reliable way for devices to communicate with each other in an IoT ecosystem.
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