IoT is an extension and expansion of the Internet. It combines various information sensing devices with the network to form a huge network, realizing the interconnection of people, machines and things at any time and anywhere.
Compared with the Internet, IoT security is more complex. From the perspective of technical architecture, the Internet of Things can be divided into three layers: the perception layer, the network layer and the application layer. These three layers of architecture face many security threats, specifically:
- Perception layer: Perception layer is used to identify objects and collect information. It is located at the bottom of the three-layer structure of the Internet of Things and is the core of the Internet of Things system. The variety of objects perceived by the Internet of Things is diverse, the demand for monitoring data is large, and the application scenarios are complex and changeable, which are vulnerable to natural damage or human destruction, leading to the node unable to work normally.
- Network layer: the transmission layer is mainly responsible for data transmission and processing, and its security functions are generally deployed together with the infrastructure of the transmission network. Cross network transmission is easy to occur in information transmission, and security risks are also easy to occur. The network layer is more prone to security problems due to large amount of data information, such as DDoS attacks, malicious data, privacy leaks, etc.
- Application layer: The application layer is the top layer of the three-tier structure of the Internet of Things. It mainly calculates, processes and mines the data collected by the perception layer, so as to achieve real-time control, accurate management and scientific decision-making of the physical world. The security threats faced by the application layer of the Internet of Things are mainly false terminal triggering threats. Attackers can send false triggering messages to terminals through SMS to trigger terminal misoperation.